The pump is a mechanical device used to lift water from a low level to high (or) low-pressure region to the high-pressure region. The main function of the pump is to change the energy from mechanical to liquid flow. The received energy from the liquid will be utilized to lift pressure. Nowadays, the submersible pump has gained a lot of popularity because these pumps are mostly used on farms. These pumps are arranged within the water. Similar to other kinds of water pumps, these pumps come in a broad range of types where each type of pump has its own applications. The pumps which are used in farms are applicable in wells, boreholes, and concrete water tanks. When used as a water distribution system, submersible pumps have certain advantages and disadvantages.
What is a Submersible Pump?
Definition: As the name suggests, the submersible pump is one kind of electric water pump and it is submerged fully within the water. An electric motor is sealed hermetically and connected closely to the pump. Designers of these pumps can design several general types of water pumps for making them appropriate for immersion. The motors used in these pumps are covered with oil-filled compartments that don’t have a connection with the substance they are pushing.
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Submersible Pump Working Principle
The working principle of this pump is, it pushes the underground water to the surface through changing energy from rotary to kinetic and finally into pressure energy.
This process can be done through the water being dragged into the water pump first, where the revolution of the impeller drives the water using the diffuser. So from this, it supplies to the outside.
Selection of Submersible Pump
The selection of this pump can be done based on several specifications. But selecting the right pump is important to enhance the achievement of the system. Mostly, these pumps are selected based on their type and application. After that, the utmost flow of discharge can be decided.
The maximum flow of these pumps can be decided by the pressure head. After that, consideration needs to provide to the highest discharge force of the water pump.
These pumps are estimated in terms of hp (horsepower), and it is a calculation of mechanical energy. The Horsepower can be defined as the work which is generated at a rate of 550 foot-pounds for every second, and it is equivalent to the energy of 745.7 watts. At last, the expulsion size of submersible pumps must be estimated. The estimated value has reference to the exit connections of pumps.
Types of Submersible Pumps
These pumps are classified into two types like a good pump and a sump pump. These pumps are most frequently used in wells as well as sumps.
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1). Bladder Pumps
This is a non-contact, positive displacement, and operated by compressed air. It includes a stretchy bladder designed with polyethylene or PTFE. A display is attached under the bladder for material filtering which may connect through check valves. These pumps work with air compressors, compressed nitrogen tanks or compressed air. The main advantages of these pumps are simple operation, little diameter, portability, and pumps huge volumes of water based on their size.
2). Grinder Pumps
It is a wastewater transportation device that pumps the wastewater from household appliances like bathtubs, toilets, washing machines. The wastewater pumping can be done through the pipes used in homes to holding tank. When the wastewater in the tank attains a precise level, the will be turned on to crush the wastage into a well slurry then it pumps into the septic tank. The installation of these pumps can be done within the yard or basement.
3). Deep Well Pumps
These pumps are one kind of submersible pumps that are used in municipal areas. This pump is placed underwater by connecting with the motor for running. Once the pumps begin working, they have to submerge into the water totally. These pumps are used to push freshwater as well as light acidic water.
4). Stainless Steel Pumps
These pumps are complete covers with stainless steel and have acidic resistance highly. These pumps are used to push light acidic water and warm water frequently. The water source like well can be protected through its unique cast so that freshwater moves normally. The whole pump can be submerged within the water while it’s working.
5). Bottom Suction Pumps
Bottom suction pumps are used in lakes, rivers, pools and mining dewatering. The designing of these pumps can be done using a guide sleeve beneath the water pump. These pumps utilize the water from the bottom of the pump and also includes a high-class cooling characteristic of electric motor. The evaluation of these pumps compare with other types of pumps is easy while its installation, which contains a tall head.
6). Water Cooler Pumps
Generally, these pumps are used in the areas of industrial, irrigation, and residential. These pumps are used underwater like oil full pumps. The operation of this pump can be done by connecting a motor like water cooler submersible for operating under the water. These pumps are used to push the water wherever high-quality water is used.
7). Oil Filled Pumps
These pumps use oil-filled immersion motors and these are used in wells, irrigation, water supply for drainage systems in industries for pushing clean water, and hill residential mountain areas, etc. The motors within the pump can be cooled by filling oil in the heated motors. So that the motor can get cool. Fitting these is extremely handy and easy.
Some other types of submersible pumps are fountain, axial & mixed flow, borehole, utility pumps, etc.
Advantages & Disadvantages
The advantages of submersible pumps include the following.
- These pumps are extremely efficient
- A lot of the energy can be conserved
- Handles solids & liquids
- These pumps become quiet in the water
- These pumps are versatile
- When the water flows throughout the pump, then cavitation doesn’t occur due to no “spike” within the water force.
The disadvantages of submersible pumps include the following.
- The seals of the pump can become damaged through time.
- Caution must be taken for motors in pumps from overheat.
- It does not apply to all the applications.
- These pumps are hard to recognize as well as fix injures like cracks.
- It is expensive due to their mechanical nature
Applications of Submersible Pump
The applications of these pumps include the following.
- Submersible pumps are used in drainage, slurry & sewage pumping, water, and oil wells, saltwater handling, dirt treatment, drilling of the deep well, artificial lifts irrigation, fire fighting, mine dewatering, etc.
- These pumps are also used in the Navy, mining, rescue, fire services, and wastewater services.
Thus, this is all about an overview of the submersible pump. So this pump can also be used as a water supply source in populated residential areas. The benefits of this pump mainly include low initial cost, quiet operation, etc. Here is a question for you, what is submersible pump efficiency?
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